Analysis of the Existing Strategy of the TUI Group Essay

Analysis of the Existing Strategy of the TUI Group - Essay Example The modern critics of the modern forms of planning and management postulate the notions that the modern world is dominated by uncertainty, complexity and widespread of ambiguity. It is, therefore, noted that in such dynamic environment, there is need of being flexible to respond swiftly to the changing conditions and this often calls for the alteration of the already established organization’s strategies to suit the current market structures (Weaver & Oppermann 45). Business and organization strategies offer the illustrations on the activities that the managers and stakeholders undertake as designed to achieve the firm’s objectives either in the short run or long run. Every organization has a purpose to accomplish and a defined direction of achieving it and these are always clearly articulated and embraced in their mission statement thereby acting as a guiding principle (Holloway 65). In a broader sense, business strategies are considered to be game plans that enable an organization to execute its activities that are geared towards achieving their objectives such as the expansion of market share and sales. Definition according to Ansoff takes business strategy as the common thread among firms, activities and the product markets that are aimed at defining the fundamental nature of the business that the organization has planned to be in the future. He, therefore, introduces the Ansoff Matrix that gives four main strategies that when impleme nted by an organization helps in the attainment of business growth.

Syllable Formal Ion Essay Example for Free

Syllable Formal Ion Essay Thus a meaningful language unit phonetically may be considered from the point of view of syllable formation and syllable division. The syllable is a complicated phenomenon and like a phoneme it can be studied on four levels articulatory, acoustic, auditory and functional. The complexity of the phenomenon gave rise to many theories. We could start with the so-called expiratory (chest pulse or pressure) theory by R. H. Stetson. This theory is based on the assumption that expiration in speech is a pulsating process and each syllable should correspond to a single expiration. So the number of syllables in an utterance is determined by the number of expirations made in the production of the utterance. This theory was strongly criticized by Russian and foreign linguists. G. P. Torsuyev, for example, wrote that in a phrase a number of words and consequently a number of syllables can be pronounced with a single expiration. This fact makes the validity of the theory doubtful. Another theory of syllable put forward by O. Jespersen is generally called the sonority theory. According to O. Jespersen, each sound is characterized by a certain degree of sonority which is understood us acoustic property of a sound that determines its perceptibility. According to this sound property a ranking of speech sounds could be established: voiceless plosives ( voiced fricatives (voiced plosives ( voiced fricatives ( sonorants ( close vowels (open vowels . In the word plant for example we may use the following wave of sonority: [pla:nt]. According to V. A. Vasssilyev the most serious drawback of this theory is that it fails to explain the actual mechanism of syllable formation and syllable division. Besides, the concept of sonority is not very clearly defined. Further experimental work aimed to description of the syllable resulted in lot of other theories. However the question of articulatory mechanism of syllable in a still an open question in phonetics. We might suppose that this mechanism is similar in all languages and could be regarded as phonetic universal. In Russian linguistics there has been adopted the theory of syllable by LV Shcherba. It is called the theory of muscular tension. In most languages there is the syllabic phoneme in the centre of the syllable which is usually a vowel phoneme or, in some languages, a sonorant. The phonemes preceding or following the syllabic peak are called marginal. The tense of articulation increases within the range of prevocalic consonants and then decreases within the range of postvocalic consonants. Russian linguist and psychologist N. I. Zhinkin has suggested the so-called loudness theory which seems to combine both production and perception levels. The experiments carried out by N. I. Zhinkin showed that the arc of loudness of perception level is formed due to variations of the volume pharyngeal passage which is modified by contractions of its walls. The narrowing of the passage and the increase in muscular tension which results from it reinforce the actual loudness of a vowel thus forming the peak of the syllabic. So the syllable is the arc ?f loudness which correlates with the arc of articulatory effort on the speed production level since variations in loudness are due to the work of all speech mechanisms. It is perfectly obvious that no phonetician has succeeded so far in giving an adequate explanation of what the syllable is. The difficulties seem to arise from the various possibilities of approach to the unit. There exist two points of view: 1. S?me linguists consider the syllable to be a purely articulatory unit which lacks any functional value. This point of view is defended on the ground that the boundaries of syllables do not always coincide with those of morphemes. 2. However the majority of linguists treat the syllable as the smallest pronounceable unit which can reveal some linguistic function. Trying to define the syllable from articulatory point of view we may talk about universals. When we mean the functional aspect of the syllable it should be defined with the reference to the structure of one particular language. The definition of the syllable from the functional point of view tends to single out the following features of the syllable: a) a syllable is a chain of phonemes of varying length; b) a syllable is constructed on the basis f contrast of its constituents (which is usually of vowel consonant type); c) the nucleus of a syllable is a vowel, the presence of consonants is optional; there are no languages in which vowels are not used as syllable nuclei, however, there are languages in which this function is performed by consonants; d) the distribution of phonemes in the syllabic structure follows by the rules which are specific enough fo r a particular language. 2. The structure and functions of syllables in English Syllable formation in English is based on the phonological opposition vowel consonant.

Designing a Metaphysical Zone near the Miami River Essay -- Public Pol

A METAPHYSICAL ZONE We should accept the experimental nature of our prototype; we can push the design as far as our theories will allow, since whatever we produce may be tested by others. Our position within electracy is not unlike that of Plato in literacy, if only in the sense of what we are attempting to do (and not what we have achieved). Plato is credited with being the first person in the Western tradition to isolate and work purely within a conceptual discourse (he invented Philosophy). The first concept to be treated in this fully abstract way is "justice," and in a dialogue such as THE REPUBLIC Plato discusses what justice "is"--asks after its essence, its inner nature, its being--as opposed to dramatizing its dispersed qualities in a series of narrative actions, as the tragedians were still doing, not to mention the status of such a thought in the oral epics. When we isolate the Miami River as a zone, we are raising it to the status of an idea, or even of a category. As the Greeks assimilated literacy, the term eidos evolved from its original usage in Homer--"what one sees," "appearance," "shape"--to the abstract forms ("suprasensible reality, eternal, beyond the merely sensible") (Peters, 46-47). In Plato's metaphysics (his theory of what there is in the world, what is real) a set of eide evolved--the Good, the Beautiful, the One. At first there seemed to be an eidos for each class of things (ethical eide, mathematical eide). Then a hierarchy emerged, with certain final forms (Aristotle called them "categories") that did not mix among themselves, such as Existence, the Same, the Different, Rest, Motion (49). Comment What we are doing is generating an electrate mode of reasoning by means of an extended analogy ... ...rds and meanings most commonly used in such systems ( "If you hear a crow cawing on your righthand side, be very cautious in all you do that day"). Our consulting works this analogy at two levels: first, our zone consists of the Miami River and the movements, positions, identity, and "cries" of its denizens--Haitians, coast guard, Italian taxi drivers, and the like. Second, the form (shape, eidos) of our practice adapts some of the features of divination specific to the Carribean basin, specifically aspects of Santeria and Vodun ritual. We may also find useful parallels with the notion of the augur as "bird watcher," if we think of our interface metaphor of tourism. WORKS CITED Peters, F. E., GREEK PHILOSOPHICAL TERMS: A HISTORICAL LEXICON (New York: NYU, 1967). Telesco, Patricia, FUTURE TELLING: A COMPLETE GUIDE TO DIVINATION (Freedom, CA.: Crossing, 1998).

Pros of British Imperialism in Africa Essay

The British colonized Africa from Egypt in the north to South Africa. Extension of a nation’s power through conquering overseas territory, know as imperialism had several motivations. Nationalism urged the nations of Europe to conquer land overseas. Having colonies was seen as a matter on national prestige, it was a symbol of the nation’s greatness. Lands in Africa, rich in raw materials and markets, were seen as economic opportunities for the European nations. Along with the rest of Europe Britain participated in the Scramble for Africa. The biggest urge to colonize was brought on by the economic benefits that the colonies would bring. Africa was seen as a major source of possible income, with its’ raw materials and markets for European manufactured goods. Around the 19th century, as the interest in slave trade declined other forms of trade became increasingly interesting, European powers continued to seek income. The Westerners had a keen interest in Africaâ₠¬â„¢s natural resources such as animal hides, palm oil, peanuts, rubber, timber, and tin. The growing European presence led to increasing tensions in the region. British colonization of Africa began in 1874. British imperialism started with the annexing of the west costal states (which became the Gold Coast colony) and establishing a protectorate in Nigeria. Around 1914, the Scramble for Africa had ended; Britain was in charge of a huge part of the continent. Britain controlled Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Bechuanaland, British East Africa, British Somalia, Egypt, Gambia, Gold Coast, Nigeria, Northern Rhodesia, Nyasaland, Pemba, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Southern Rhodesia, Uganda, Union of South Africa, Walvis Bay, and Zanzibar. The size of the British reign over Africa was greater than that of any other nations. An aspiration of the British was to stretch a telegraph line from their northern colonies to their southernmost ones. Cecil Rhodes, a successful British businessman, can be credited for the vastness of the British control in Africa. One of his ambitions was to create a series of British colonies from Cape Town to Cairo, all connected by a railroad. In fact, Cecil Rhodes was partially responsible for sparking the Boer War which lasted from 1899 to 1902. Soon after, the British government made Rhodes to resign from his post as head of Cape Colony. Ultimately, his goal was to gain as much territory in Africa as possible for the British. Not only did imperialism provide the colonizing country with profit, the colonized lands and people also benefited from it. Western nations brought useful innovations and improvements to the people’s lives. Some of the technological advances were telegraphs, railroads, and telephones. More importantly, stable government systems, Western education, hospitals, were introduced to the colonized lands to improve the overall living standards. The British were able to bring these innovations to the continent of Africa and help the nations under their imperialistic rule. Imperialism is the extension of a nation’s power over other lands. A nation with colonies was viewed as superior to those without; it was able to sustain its’ place amongst the leading powers. Imperialism allowed a country to control faraway lands, rich in natural resources and local markets, and profit economically. Imperialism was beneficial not only to the imperialistic nation, but the colony as well.

Argument. Men and particularly princes Essay

Argument Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Men and particularly princes should be very careful when making their decisions and they should not be concerned by the making decisions that always favors their subjects and friends but they should be concerned more on the outcomes of their decisions and whether those decisions will benefit their state. I strongly believe that there should not be procedures and methods set to be used by princes in dealing with their friends and subjects. This is because different situations require to be handled differently since the societies keeps changing and therefore, princes should not follow set procedures and methods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princes are judged by their subjects through their qualities which will make their subjects either to praise them or to blame them. However, it would be very difficult for the princes to fulfill all the qualities that their subjects expect them to have due to human nature. Therefore, princes should be very careful to escape from bad reputation of those vices which would make them lose the state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I agree with the statement that a quality which seems to be a virtue, if pursued may end up destructing the individual who decides to pursue such a quality; while another quality which appears to be a vice, if an individual decides to pursue such a vice might end up being more beneficial to such an individual and to the society. Therefore, princes should be very prudent when making decisions since a quality which seems to be vice may end up being a virtue, and vice versa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princes can be generous which seems to be a virtue but may end up giving them a bad reputation among their subjects. This is because such princes maybe generous and end up using up all their resources or overburdening their subjects with excessive taxes and doing everything possible in order to the funds. This quality of generosity may give such princes a bad reputation and his generosity may end up offending their subjects thus hating their princes. Also through not being generous may lead them to appear to be a miser according to their subjects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For instance, Pope Julius II although he used his generosity to attain papacy however he decided to end his generosity in order to reduce the expenditures so as to be able to wage war. Therefore, princes should use any virtue such as generosity in a way that will not harm them. In this regard, princes should avoid overburdening subjects or becoming poor as a result of their generosity. Also, in order for a prince to avoid destroying their rule they should not mind being branded as misers since this would be a key vice that would help them to rule their subjects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although princes should avoid being cruel and should be merciful but they should be very careful not to abuse their mercy. This is because being too merciful may be abused which may lead to disorder in a state resulting to increased crimes thus harming the society at large. For instance, although cesare Borgia was regarded cruel, he was able to restore order, peace and unity in Romagna through his cruelty. Therefore princes should not mind being refereed to be cruel in their attempts to keep their subjects loyal and united. It would be much safer for princes to be feared than being loved by their subjects. In this regard they should do anything to ensure that there is order, peace and unity in their states even if it means taking someone’s life for the benefit of their states at large. This may result to some of their subjects hating them however, this would be less harmful to them and also it would beneficial to their states at lar ge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princes should not care much on keeping their promises to their subjects and in some circumstances the princes are supposed to manipulate their subject’s mind with shrewdness if this would be more safer for them and also if this would be more beneficial to their state. Princes must be aware of how to deal with different situations since fulfilling their promises in some circumstances would bring harm to them and to their subjects. In such situations such princes should be wise and know how to deceive their subjects to avoid fulfilling their promises where they feel that keeping their words would bring harm to their state or to themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this regard, princes are not necessitated to have all the good qualities but it is very important for them to appear as if they have them. This is because having those all qualities and practicing all of them would bring more harm. For example, appearing being faithful, religious, merciful, trustworthy and humane among other good qualities would be necessary and princes should know how to practice them in different situations, however, practicing all of them would lead to more harm than good as subjects would misuse them to cause disorder which may increase the crime rates which would be harmful to the states. References Machiavelli, NiccoloÃÅ'â‚ ¬. The prince. Belle Fourche: NuVision Publications, 2004. Print. Source document

Biography of Sarah Bernhardt, French Actress

Biography of Sarah Bernhardt, French Actress Sarah Bernhardt [born Henriette-Rosine Bernard; October 22,  1844- March 21, 1923] was a French stage and early film actress whose career spanned over 60 years. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, she dominated the world of acting with lead parts in acclaimed plays and motion pictures. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest actresses of all time and one of the first actresses to garner worldwide fame.   Early Life Sarah Bernhardt was born Henriette-Rosine Bernard on October 22, 1844 in Paris. She was the daughter of Julie Bernard, a Dutch courtesan who catered to a wealthy clientele.   Her father has never been identified. At age seven, she was sent to a boarding school where she performed on stage for the first time, playing the role of the Queen of the Fairies in Clothilde. Around the same time, Bernhardts  mother started dating the Duke de Morny, the half-brother of Napoleon III. Affluent and highly influential in Paris society, he would play a key role in the development of Bernhardts acting career. Although Bernhardt was more interested in becoming a nun than an actress, her family decided she should give acting a try. Together with their friend, playwright Alexandre Dumas, they brought Bernhardt to the Comà ©die-Franà §aise, France’s national theater company, for her first theater performance. Moved to tears by the play, Bernhardt was comforted by Dumas, who called her â€Å"my little star. The Duke told her she was destined to act. First Stage Performances In 1860, with the help of Morny’s influence, Bernhardt  was given the chance to audition at the prestigious Paris Conservatory. Coached by Dumas, she recited the fable of The Two Pigeons by La Fontaine and managed to persuade the school’s jury. On August 31,  1862, after two years of acting studies at the conservatory, Bernhardt made her debut in Racine’s Iphigà ©nie at the Comà ©die-Francaise. Playing the title role, she suffered from stage fright and rushed through her lines. Despite the nervous debut, she continued to perform and played Henrietta in Molià ©re’s Les Femmes Savantes and the title role in Scribe’s Valà ©rie. She didn’t manage to impress the critics and after a slapping incident with another actress, Bernhardt was asked to leave the theater. In 1864, after a brief affair with a Belgian prince, Bernhardt  gave birth to her only child, Maurice. In order to support herself and her son, she accepted minor roles at the melodrama theater Port-Saint-Martin and was eventually hired by the director of the Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre de lÓdà ©on. There, she would spend the next 6 years establishing herself and developing a reputation as a leading actress.  Ã‚   Career Highlights and the Rise of Motion Pictures In 1868, Bernhardt had her breakthrough performance as Anna Damby in Dumas’  Kean. She received a standing ovation and was instantly given a salary raise. Her next successful performance was in Franà §ois Coppà ©e’s Le Passant, in which  she played the part of the troubadour boy- the first of her many male roles. During the subsequent  decades, Bernhardt’s career flourished. Upon returning to the Comà ©die-Franà §aise in 1872, she starred in some of the most demanding roles of the time, including lead parts in Voltaire ´s Zaire and Racine’s Phà ©dre, as well as Junie in Britannicus, also by Racine. In 1880, Bernhardt accepted an offer to tour the United States, which would be the first of many international stage tours of her career. After two years of touring, Bernhardt returned to Paris and purchased the Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre de la Renaissance, where she operated as artistic director and lead actress until 1899.   At the turn of the century, Bernhardt became one of the first actresses to star in motion pictures. After starring  in the two-minute film Le Duel d’Hamlet, she went on to act in La Tosca in 1908 and La Dame aux Camelias. However,  it was her portrayal of Elizabeth I in the 1912 silent film The Loves of Queen Elizabeth that truly made her rise to international acclaim. Later Life and Death In 1899, Bernhardt signed a lease with the city of Paris to renovate and manage the Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre des Nations. She renamed it Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre Sarah Bernhardt and opened the theater with a revival of La Tosca, followed by her other major successes:  Phà ©dre, Theodora, La Dame aux Camà ©lias, and Gismonda. Throughout the early 1900s, Bernhardt made a number of farewell tours around the globe, including Canada, Brazil, Russia, and Ireland. In 1915, years after a knee  accident, Bernhardt suffered from an infection related to the injury and her leg was ultimately amputated. Refusing an artificial leg, Bernhardt continued to act on stage, with scenes being specifically arranged to suit her needs. In 1921, Bernhardt made her final tour around France. The following year, on the night of the dress rehearsal for the play Un Sujet de Roman, Bernhardt collapsed and went into a coma. She spent months recovering and her health slowly improved, but on March 21, 1923, while suffering from kidney failure, Bernhardt collapsed again and passed away in her son’s arms. She was 78. Legacy Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre Sarah Bernhardt was managed by her son Maurice until his death in 1928. It was later renamed Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre de la Ville. In 1960, Bernhardt was given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Bernhardts vibrant and dramatic performances in so many iconic roles captivated audiences and critics all over the world. Her successful transition from stage to screen further established Bernhardt as one of the most celebrated actresses in theater and film history. Sarah Bernhardt Fast Facts Full Name:  Henriette-Rosine BernardKnown As: Sarah BernhardtOccupation: ActressBorn:  October 22,  1844 in Paris, FranceParents Names: Julie Bernard; father unknownDied: March 21, 1923 in Paris, FranceEducation: Studied acting at the Paris Conservatory  Spouses Name: Jacques Damala (1882-1889)Childs Name: Maurice BernhardtKey Accomplishments: Bernhardt was one of the most successful actresses of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. She toured the world, successfully transitioned from stage to screen and back again, and managed her own theater (Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre Sarah Bernhardt). Sources and Further Reading Verneuil,  Louis. The Fabulous Life of Sarah Bernhardt. London, Harper brothers; Fourth Edition, 1942.Gold, Arthur  and Fizdale, Robert. Divine Sarah: A Life of Sarah Bernhardt. Knopf; First edition, 1991.Skinner, Cornelia Otis. Madame Sarah. Houghton-Mifflin, 1967.Tierchant, Hà ©là ¨ne. Madame Quand mà ªme. Editions Tà ©là ©maque, 2009.

Comparison Essay on High School and College

Comparison Essay on High School and College Comparison Essay on High School and College Some people may mistake college as a simple step above high school, but an examination of the two levels of study reveals that there are indeed numerous differences between the two. One of the differences is in the nature of classes in college and in high school. In high school classes, assignments and learning materials that are to be used to complete the assignments are provided for the students. High schools also normally have guidance counselors to help students determine what advanced core and elective courses they may be interested in taking, especially as it pertains to preparing for a college or a vocation. In college, the situation is very different because it is the students who are charged with the responsibility to decide the kinds of classes that they should take until they graduate. If a student has challenges in selecting a unit, the student may make an appointment with a course advisor. However, colleges do have counseling and guidance offices to help students look at what they might be interested in as a career and to help them plan accordingly. Even so, college students are rarely given the materials that they need for their study and therefore , unlike high school, must purchase the necessary texts and other learning material. Another difference is that, compared to college professors, high school teachers tend to be more accommodating towards their students. For instance, high school teachers tend to be more interested in knowing the name of each and every student in their class while college professors rarely relate names to the faces of their students. Also, high school teachers are more likely to closely monitor the grades of their students, ensure that all the students access the required notes, find out why a student may have missed a class, and even remind the students of assignments and future examinations. High school teachers are also more likely to accept a late submission of assignments or even call a student’s parents to inquire about a student who may have missed class. On the other hand, college professors rarely pay attention to the attendance habits of their students and do not make any effort to ensure that all their students pass or score good grades in their subjects. If a studen t misses a class, a college professor is unlikely to follow up and give the student the notes he missed. Instead, it will be up to the student to figure out from whom to get the notes that he missed when he did not attend class. Finally, it is not uncommon to meet a college professor even after graduating from college and not be recognized by that professor, unlike the case of high school teachers who remember some students long after graduation. In high school, it is very easy to get one-on-one time with a teacher because all that one has to do is to schedule a time before or after school. In college, one has to book an appointment in order to have a one-on-one time with a professor, and it is not always a guarantee that after booking the appointment, the professor will keep the appointment. You can buy a comparison essay online at essay writing service. You will get a superior-quality custom compare and contrast paper written from scratch!

Cover Letter Example

Cover Letter Example Here is an example cover letter written in response to an advertisement in the newspaper. Before taking a look at the letter, read through the cover letter tips and useful key phrases to use in your own cover letters. Tips for Writing Cover Letters Always refer to the exact position for which you are applying.  Refer to how you found the position.Point out those aspects of your career which you feel are especially important.Dont point out too many of your qualifications. Youve enclosed your resume for that purpose.  Refer in a positive way to a future interview. Dont be shy about stating that youll follow-up.   Referring to the Position I am writing to you in response to your advertisement for...I would like to apply for the position of ...Im interested in applying for ... Pointing Out Important Qualifications As you can see from my enclosed resume, my experience and qualifications match this positions requirements.I would like to point out... immediately upon his return.During ...., I improved (furthered, extended, etc.) my knowledge of...,I was responsible for ... Referring to Future Interview I look forward to an opportunity to speak with you in person.  I look forward to speaking with you personally.  I look forward to discussing how I can ... Cover Letter Example 2520 Vista AvenueOlympia, Washington 98501April 19, 2001 Mr. Bob Trimm, Personnel ManagerImporters Inc.587 Lilly Road Dear Mr. Trimm: I am writing to you in response to your advertisement for a Legal Assistant specializing in Port Regulatory Law, which appeared in the Seattle Times on Sunday, June 15. As you can see from my enclosed resume, my experience and qualifications match this positions requirements. I especially would like to point out that I graduated Cum Laude from The University of Tacoma and was hired directly upon graduation due to my expertise in port authority regulations. During the four years that I worked for Shoreman and Co., I further deepened my knowledge of the fast-changing regulatory laws in our state. My employer also thought highly enough of my abilities to promote me to head legal researcher after my first year of employment. I look forward to an opportunity to personally discuss the position with you. I will call you within the next five days to arrange an interview. Sincerely, Kenneth Beare Enclosure:

What factors enable or prevent people from making healthy food choices Essay

What factors enable or prevent people from making healthy food choices - Essay Example Moreover, we would focus our attention on the most vulnerable group subjected to this risk. It is an ethnic minority group living in America and UK. On the basis of researches in the field of obesity around the world and behavioral risk factors among ethnic minority group, we would discuss social and psychological factors influencing on representatives of ethnic minorities making unhealthy food choices. Business infrastructure of UK and America offers numerous restaurants and fast foods for the American nation. A conspicuous consumption of junk food is the first reason for obesity. Why do Americans make such kind of choice and damage themselves? Of course, availability and affordability of fast foods is the first reason for a choice of unhealthy food. Especially this claim is relevant to ethnic minorities, which mainly consist of people with low income, a low level of education about healthy foods and restricted possibilities of physical activities (Powell, 2004). Moreover, people wi th low income work hard and have little time to cook a healthy food. It is more convenient for them to buy cheap and tasty hamburgers and be fed up. Unfortunately, the abundance of calories in this type of food influences on the abundant weight of people. Moreover, it can cause blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases and other illnesses. More than half of American population would soon become obese and 10 percent of UK children are obese currently (Baggott, 2004). Therefore, not only people with low income eat junk food. People who have money often find it more convenient to eat on foot, because they do not have enough time to take care of themselves. Nevertheless, unlike poor people, they are able to visit good restaurants and thus they have more possibilities to eat healthy and tasty food. The rest of people are subjected to external influence of their closest environment. In case a family prefers junk food it is rather hard to have an ability to eat healthy food. As we have alrea dy noted, healthy food has a higher price and it takes time to boil vegetables or to cook them in the oven. Moreover, it is on behalf of an individual to decide whether he would consume healthy food or not. Behavioral factors play a great role at this point. Thus, it depends on an individual’s ability to resist to external pressure in case he is suggested to eat some unhealthy food. If he was brought up as a strong-willed person then he would resist eating unhealthy food for sure. At this point the supposition that social or economic status of a person is prevalent in his choice making of whether to consume unhealthy food or not can be questioned. Nevertheless, statistical data obtained from Department of Health and Human service (2000) shows that individual is being gradually destructed when he is starting to make a choice of unhealthy food (Powell, 2004). He becomes indifferent to his appearance and is becoming an obese person, who then starts avoiding social communication with people around him. Therefore, an individuality of an obese person suffers from his/her inability to take control over his/her gustatory pleasures. Very often such kind of people is emotionally unstable and starts eating huge amounts of unhealthy food in the result of a personal stress, failures or other reasons. The governmental measure taking should be

Critical Reflection Journal. Teachers and activism Essay

Critical Reflection Journal. Teachers and activism - Essay Example The second question illustrates the types of changes realized due to activism; for example, social equality in education process. 1) What is the impact of activism in education sector? 2) What are the categories of changes realized by education activism? Indeed, this article is quite informative. It has equipped me with lots of information about the development and roles of activism in the education sector. Besides, it has enabled me to know much about the reforms that still need to be introduced in education so as to make it accomplish its role of bringing social order in the society. As explained by the author, such transformations are necessary because of â€Å"our changing notions of freedom and the changing relationship between individuals and society and between individuals and government† (p65). During most of the twentieth century â€Å"social democratic liberalism became increasingly dominant as workers, women, and people of color pushed for and were able to extend their personal and political† interest (p 63). Activism has two major applications in the education sector. The first application involves enhancing equality in the education sector. All students must be treated equally, in terms of resource allocation, and instructional processes. Secondly, activism improves the relevance of education objectives and activities in the society. The education curriculum must aim at ensuring the people become self reliant. This is through acquisition of appropriate skills, knowledge and experience. The three critical questions for understanding education activism involve: What is the effectiveness of the education reforms? What is the opinion of the teachers and related education stakeholders on the illustrated education concept? What is the opinion of the parents on the new education concept? The research of the study

Resourcing Talent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Resourcing Talent - Essay Example Workforce talent planning is the process to ensure that organization has suitable access to the talent of the organization to ensure future business success. Talent planning through internal sources is preferred because the employees of the organization are equipped with better knowledge about the environment of the organization and consequently, easily fit in the organization. The internal factors that effect talent planning are image of the organization and the job. The good image of the organization can help to attract potential and hard working employees. Managerial actions like goods public relations, rendering public service like building schools, hospitals, roads to develop image and goodwill for the organization. Better payment and working conditions are considered as the characteristics of good image for the job. Promotion carrier development policies can also attract the talented and potential candidates. Labor market and competitors are some of the external factors that have much influence on the talent planning of workforce in the organization. Labor market condition that is supply and demand of skillful and talented employees is of much importance. For example, if supply of talented employee is more than its demand then it is easy for the organization to have best employees for their jobs. Likewise, the workforce talent planning policies of the competitors also affect the policies of the organisations. If the recruitment policies of competitors became successful to attract potential employees then we have to change our policies according to the policies of the competitors. The recruitment and selection of right people for right job is of much importance for the success of the organization. According to the Equality Law, 2010, our organization has the responsibility to monitor the recruitment processes that should not be discriminatory. The equal opportunity policy in the recruitment, selection, training, appraisal,

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act - Essay Example Other than the USA PATRIOT Act amendment of 2001, there have been several other amendments such as the Protect America Act of 2007 and the FISA Amendments Act of 2008. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 is the most significant amendment of the three. This amendment gave powers to state authorities that were sufficient in protecting the homeland. The powers also gave these authorities the ability to protect the country from future attacks. These powers included the ability to monitor internet data and use, interception of emails and phone calls. The Act further granted state authorities the right to place wiretaps on conversations between American citizens and non-citizens3. In addition to surveillance, the state authorities were granted powers to detain individuals it deemed suspicious and dangerous. In comparison to other Acts, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act is the most controversial. This essay will assess and analyze its electronic surveillance provision. The Electronic Surveillance provision in the FISA Act grants state authorities to conduct electronic surveillance because of two scenarios. In the first scenario, the President can authorize state authorities to conduct electronic surveillance for one year. The President does this through the office of the Attorney General and the surveillance can only be done on foreigners4. This surveillance picks up any foreign intelligence information being exchanged between agents of a foreign power and the foreign power. This surveillance, according to the Act, may or may not substantiate to anything feasible5. It is the Attorney General’s responsibility to create a certification of the conditions necessary for the surveillance. The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court authorizes this certification by its seal. The A.G is then supposed to report to both the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Senate Select

History of education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History of education - Essay Example Therefore, in consideration of various educational philosophies, their similarities and differences in approaches, which points to the possibility of integrating and merging the philosophies to generate a common deliverable, the curriculum and instructional foundation of the school would be based on a combination of perennialism, realism and experimentalism philosophies of education. Perennialism This is a philosophy of education that considers education as a constant for human life, upholding the fact that all humans are constant, except for their ability to reason (Power, 1990). Therefore, perennialism philosophy of education provides that education should be based on rationality; where students are taught the world’s constant and permanent phenomena, with a view to prepare the students for the life they are going to face. According to this educational philosophy, students learn reality and life truths through studying and also through divine acts, where the ability to reaso n and be rational gives rise to goodness itself (Bhattacharya, 2002). Therefore, perennialism as an educational philosophy emphasizes on a high level of discipline and behavioral control, which eventually translates to an all round personality, which is well adaptable to the realities of the world, that easily exudes goodness. The curriculum based on this philosophy would require the study of subjects and doctrines that teaches students the value of rationality, while enabling them to face life as it is. This creates a breed of students who are appreciative of life, and who applies reasoning in each aspect of their undertaking. This enables the students to internalize the life truths, while perceiving the external environmental changes as merely superficial (Pathak, 2007). This educational philosophy is relevant for adoption into the newly created curriculum and instructional foundation, since it would prepare students to face life with all its realities, while also making them more rational and disciplined, which are some of the most relevant virtues for human survival in the world. Realism This is yet another educational philosophy that perceives the world as it is, thus defining the role of school and education as that of teaching students about the world. Realism as an educational philosophy emphasizes on the need to obey the laws of nature, while fitting into the prevailing conditions of the physical world, without any attempts to interfere or change what nature has dictated for the world (Power, 1990). Therefore, this philosophy requires that the school curriculum should be based on subjects and disciplines that correspond to natural observations, such as Mathematics and sciences. Thus, under this educational philosophy, the role of the teacher is to impart the relevant knowledge to the students, with a focus on feeding them the natural facts. The philosophy also requires that order and discipline forms the core aspect of students’ value system, s imilar to the Mother Nature, which is disciplined and orderly, observing natural and predictable trends, unless when it is interfered with, by humans (Bhattacharya, 2002). Thus, this philosophy is not resistant to changes that might occur to the school and in the curriculum applied in teaching the students, since change is

Revolution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Revolution - Assignment Example They also sought to control commemorations of events marking the Revolution, politicizing memories of British colonial oppression to their purpose. Another example was the Massacre oration, which replaced the Stamp Act protest and Pope’s Day that were mainly days commemorated by the ‘mob’ (Young, 2001). The Whig leaders were able to do this because they dominated the newspapers and town meeting, had support from dissenting church clergy, and lacked any credible rivals that could sustain alternative memories of the Revolution. In the 1800s, when there was a massive shift in these commemorations towards the veterans and battles of the Revolutionary War. By the mid-1820s, jubilee commemorations of local military Revolutionary events were observed with fervor. The Whig leaders and the elites were also becoming more comfortable with commemorating war events because of the ambiguity and controversy surrounding pre-Revolution events, as well as the consensus these war commemorations brought between the leaders and the people (Young, 2001). Although the Conservatives still orchestrated Revolution-related ceremonial rituals, the popular side of the Revolution became increasingly central to the commemorations as the festive rituals became democratized. This democratization of the Revolution’s memory led to increased veneration of Revolution veterans, who had been the popular side of the Revolution. Moreover, newspapers and books began to increasingly focus their attention on the re-war revolutionary activit ies that had popularized the Revolution among the popular side in the first place (Young, 2001). Finally, this democratization of the Revolution’s memory also brought back the popular side through the subsequent new, radical movements claiming the Revolution, including the popular destruction of the tea movement. The destruction of the tea and the Revolution’s place

History of education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History of education - Essay Example Therefore, in consideration of various educational philosophies, their similarities and differences in approaches, which points to the possibility of integrating and merging the philosophies to generate a common deliverable, the curriculum and instructional foundation of the school would be based on a combination of perennialism, realism and experimentalism philosophies of education. Perennialism This is a philosophy of education that considers education as a constant for human life, upholding the fact that all humans are constant, except for their ability to reason (Power, 1990). Therefore, perennialism philosophy of education provides that education should be based on rationality; where students are taught the world’s constant and permanent phenomena, with a view to prepare the students for the life they are going to face. According to this educational philosophy, students learn reality and life truths through studying and also through divine acts, where the ability to reaso n and be rational gives rise to goodness itself (Bhattacharya, 2002). Therefore, perennialism as an educational philosophy emphasizes on a high level of discipline and behavioral control, which eventually translates to an all round personality, which is well adaptable to the realities of the world, that easily exudes goodness. The curriculum based on this philosophy would require the study of subjects and doctrines that teaches students the value of rationality, while enabling them to face life as it is. This creates a breed of students who are appreciative of life, and who applies reasoning in each aspect of their undertaking. This enables the students to internalize the life truths, while perceiving the external environmental changes as merely superficial (Pathak, 2007). This educational philosophy is relevant for adoption into the newly created curriculum and instructional foundation, since it would prepare students to face life with all its realities, while also making them more rational and disciplined, which are some of the most relevant virtues for human survival in the world. Realism This is yet another educational philosophy that perceives the world as it is, thus defining the role of school and education as that of teaching students about the world. Realism as an educational philosophy emphasizes on the need to obey the laws of nature, while fitting into the prevailing conditions of the physical world, without any attempts to interfere or change what nature has dictated for the world (Power, 1990). Therefore, this philosophy requires that the school curriculum should be based on subjects and disciplines that correspond to natural observations, such as Mathematics and sciences. Thus, under this educational philosophy, the role of the teacher is to impart the relevant knowledge to the students, with a focus on feeding them the natural facts. The philosophy also requires that order and discipline forms the core aspect of students’ value system, s imilar to the Mother Nature, which is disciplined and orderly, observing natural and predictable trends, unless when it is interfered with, by humans (Bhattacharya, 2002). Thus, this philosophy is not resistant to changes that might occur to the school and in the curriculum applied in teaching the students, since change is

Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel - Essay Example This research tells that Amelia offered her nephew, Dan, two thousand pounds if he worked hard and got a second class degree, and her sister, Betti, five hundred pounds for errands. She also offered a two hundred fifty pound reduction of a loan she had given to Betti's husband, Giles. Giles pays the seven hundred and fifty pounds. Dan does very little work but does get a first-class degree. Amelia now wishes to know her obligations to Betti underneath this contract. The legal questions are 1. Does Dan's meeting of the second-class degree standard mean that that part of the contract is fulfilled? 2. Did the term â€Å"second-class degree† mean â€Å"at least a second-class degree† or â€Å"a second-class degree exclusively?† 3. Are the contract elements severable; that is, is Dan's possible fulfillment of the contract separate from Giles' clear fulfillment of his duties? 4. Does it make any difference that Giles, rather than Betti, paid the seven hundred and fifty pounds? 5. Can â€Å"work hard† be meaningfully quantified? Contract Interpretation The issues of the contract should be considered separately. They are 1. The offering of money to Dan for working hard and achieving a second-class degree. 2. The offering of money to Amelia for errands in the past. (However, it seems that the errands are moot: Whether Betti actually had done errands for Amelia or not, they are accepted by the contract as a matter of fact). 3. The offering of a two-hundred-fifty pound discount on a prior one thousand loan by Amelia to Giles. There are many elements to contracts even before considering the issues of estoppel and promissory consideration: Acceptance, offer, consideration, the contract being oral or written, the severability of various elements, etc. Consideration is a part of this contract, however: Both parties are offering something of value1. The family unit as a whole (Giles, Dan, and Betti) are clearly part of this contract, with Amelia bei ng the other party. For this reason, it is moot if Giles or Betti pays the seven hundred fifty pounds unless the contract specifically states otherwise. (This will, in turn, be dependent on whether the contract is verbal or written). Acceptance of the contract is an issue. Giles owed a thousand pounds. The only concrete sign on the part of Betti's family unit is the seven hundred fifty pounds Giles paid. Amelia can make a reasonable argument that she was accepting partial payment and that this was not a sign of acceptance. Similarly, Amelia paying Betti five hundred pounds could be considered as payment for a prior act, not a fulfillment of the contract. The only sign of acceptance of the contract that would not be prompted by other prior considerations between the two families would be Dan working hard and getting a second-class degree, only half of which was ever wholly completed. While Amelia did extend an offer, it is arguable that there was ever an acceptance. The acceptance is sue and the consideration issue are inextricable. Consideration â€Å"Consideration entails the parties' doing something that they were not previously bound to do outside of the agreement. In other words, promises must pay the price (consideration) that they agreed to pay the promisor in order to gain the right to enforce the promisor's obligation†. Giles was obliged to pay one thousand pounds; paying the seven hundred fifty pounds is not a consideration. Even if Betti had paid for it, she is obligated to pay the debts of her husband, as a unified family unit. But Giles did in fact pay, meaning that there had been no consideration prior.

Jury Trail Analysis Essay Example for Free

Jury Trail Analysis Essay A Jury Trail is a trial that proceeds like any other trial however the judges do not determine guilt or innocence in the case. A group of people that have been selected by both the defense and the prosecution sides in the case. These people that have been selected have sworn to inquire into matters of fact and reach a verdict on the basis of the evidence that during the case has been presented to them(Thefreedictionary, 2013). The trial by jury has become the central role in the criminal justice system. The Jury Trail has been known as an impartial was for a person to get a fair trial. This is based on that the person being tried having people just like them minus the crime being the one to decided guilt of innocence. The steps in a jury trial are as follows, selection of jury, the trial, the judge charge, deliberation, the verdict (Thefreedictionary, 2013). The jury selection process is quite a process. It starts with the county calling in its citizens for what is called a Voir Dire. This is the process by which citizens are questioned before being selected to hear evidence as juror (Thefreedictionary, 2013). After the questioning process the selected jury will be sworn in to hear evidence in the case. The trial is where both sides will present their evidence and arguments in the case. This is also were the judge may give remarks to the jury. Sides will give opening speeches, witnesses are called for direct and cross-examination and exhibits are presented (Thefreedictionary, 2013). Once both sided have presented their sides of the arguments they will give summary and closing arguments. The judge’s charge is after the defense and the prosecutions have presented their case and have given their closing arguments. The judge instructs the jury as to what laws apply to the case and what those laws mean(Nolo, 2013). The judge could also give the jury more information on the case and allow them to see evidence that was presented in the case. The Deliberation is when the jury goes into a private room to discuss the case and reach a decision. They may talk to no one except the Judge if they have questions. The verdict is when the jury returns to the courtroom and the foreperson announces the decision. The attorneys may ask that the jury be polled(Nolo, 2013). This is when each juror is asked separately there decision on each charge in the case. After the jury has made and read their decision on the case the judge will decide what the sentence will be for each count in the case. The selection of a fair and unbiased jury has a process that may take some time. The court that is handling the trial will bring in many different people that live in the area. Then they are asked a set of questions pertaining to their thoughts about certain topics that may or may not pertain to the case that they will or will not hear. The jury that is picked has to be chosen by both sides, the prosecutor and the defense team have to agree for the person to be made a jury member. A person has to show the courts that they don’t hold resentment towards a certain action, class of people, groups, actions on a person or the courts itself. The jury that is then chosen is taken to a room and sworn in and given instructions on what the do’s and don’ts are during their duty. The sixth amendment is a part of the constitution that gives the public the right to a public trial in criminal cases. These are where the court room is open to friends and family of the defendant and the victim of the crime. It also allow for a person to get a jury trial and a speedy trial. The confrontation clause of the Sixth Amendment gives defendants the right to be confronted by the witnesses against them. This gives defendants the right to cross-examine witnesses that is, the right to require the witnesses to come to court, look the defendant in the eye, and subject themselves to questioning by the defense(Nolo, 2013). The sixth amendment also provides that all people have the right to be represented by and attorney. A defendant shall provide their own defense; if they cannot afford a attorney the judge will appoint one for them at no cost to them. They also have the right to adequate representation. If there attorney of the one appointed to them by the courts does not, call favorable witnesses, object to mistakes, uses drugs, or a attorney that no long can handle cases, then they do not have adequate representation. There is a clause in the Fifth Amendment that states a person will be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb.

Hydrated Copper Sulfate Formula

Hydrated Copper Sulfate Formula Aim The aim of the experiment was to determine the empirical formula of hydrated copper (II) sulphate(CuSO4Â · xH2O)by experiment and to investigate the changes of copper (II) ions in solution. Introduction Copper is a d-block Transition metals, which are elements in Group 3-12 of the Periodic Table. It has the electronic structure 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1, and can form complex formation (Chemguide, 2003). Complex ions are compounds having a central atom surrounded by other molecules called ligands, and these ligands can form dative covalent bonds to the central particle (Lister and Renshaw 2000). Lister and Renshaw (2000) further state that good ligands can displace poorer ligands from complexes, and the log of stability constants (logKc) can be used to measure the stability of complexes. The larger logKc, the more stable the complex (Lister and Renshaw, 2000). Most complexes are coloured since the movement of electrons between d orbitals will absorb a quanta of electromagnetic energy and the resulting energy gap is corresponding to frequencies of electromagnetic radiation in the visible region of the spectrum (Lister and Renshaw, 2000). Copper (II) sulphate has a considerable number of compounds, which have different degrees of hydration. Fishing (2009) points out that pentahydrate (CuSO4Â · 5H2O) is bright blue due to the water of hydration and when heated, the blue copper sulphate can be dehydrated to a grey-white power called anhydrous salt. The structure can be seen in Figure 1. Two water molecules will be lost at 30? when heated, and two more are then lost at 110?, followed by the last one at 250? (Fishing, 2009). As stated by Chemguide (2003), the typical blue hexaaquacopper (II) ion- [Cu(H2O)6]2+ is the simplest form in solution. Forming stronger bonds than water molecules with the center particle (Cu2+), chloride ions can displace water molecules and form a yellow-green [CuCl4]2- (aq) whose value of logKc is 5.6 (Lister and Renshaw, 2000). Figure 2 shows the structure of the [CuCl4]2-. The reaction of hexaaquacopper (II) ions with chloride ions can be shown as: [Cu (H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4Cl-(aq) [CuCl4]2-(aq) + 6H2O(l) (Chemguide, 2003) When copper (II) sulphate solution reacts with ammonia, it has two separate stages. Chemguide (2003) suggests that in the first stage, a small amount of ammonia can lead to hydrogen ions being removed from the hexaaqua ion. As a result, a neutral complex is produced, which is a precipitate with a pale blue colour (Chemguide, 2003). The equation for this reaction can be written as: [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) ?[Cu(H2O)4(OH)2](aq) + 2NH4+(aq) (Chemguide, 2003) Chemguide (2003) further reports that when adding excess ammonia solution, the ammonia will replace four of the six water molecules from [Cu(H2O)6]2+, forming a deep blue [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+(aq). Its value of logKc is 13.2 (Lister and Renshaw, 2000). The reaction can be shown as: [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4NH3(aq)?[Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) (Chemguide, 2003) Method The apparatus consisted of crucible, spatula, burner and tongs, electronic balance, desiccator and stand, as well as three conical flasks, and the chemicals included copper sulphate, concentrated hydrochloric acid and ammonia solution. The method of this experiment was divided into two parts. According to Lane (2009.a), the practical for determining the formula in part 1 was done as following steps, and all figures gained were corrected to two decimal places. To start with, the inside of the crucible was cleaned with a cloth. Subsequently, a paper clip was placed in the crucible. The crucible was then weighed and the weight was recorded. After that, using the electronic balance, 2.58g copper sulphate was added into the crucible. Before placing the crucible on the stand and heating, the burner was lit and placed under the stand. Using the paper clip, the crystals were stirred when heating. The change in colour was then noted. After that, using the tongs, the crucible was placed inside the desiccator to cool down. When cool down to room temperature, the crucible was reweighed and the procedures heating, cooling, and weighing were repeated until constant weight was recorded. Some water was added to the crucible at the end and the result was noted. In part 2, the steps making complex ions in solution can be shown below (Lane, 2009.b). At the beginning, some copper sulphate and water were put into three conical flasks and these flasks were shaken and observed. After that, using a pipette, concentrated hydrochloric acid was dropped into one flask. Any phenomena were noted. Before observing, a small amount of ammonia solution was then added into the second flask. At the end, excessive ammonia solution was put into the third flask and the result was recorded. Discussion: In part 1, using the data from Table 1 and the formula n = m/Mr, where n = moles, m = Mass of sample and Mr = relative Molecular Mass (Lane, 2009.b), the steps in the calculation of the formula (CuSO4Â · x H2O) can be shown as follows. Mr (CuSO4) =159.6 m (CuSO4) =1.64g n (CuSO4) = m/Mr =1.64/159.6 = 0.010289 moles Mr (H2O) = 18 m (H2O) = 0.94g n (x H2O) = m/Mr = 0.94/18 = 0.052222 moles The ratio can be determined: CuSO4: x H2O = n (CuSO4): n (x H2O) Therefore: 1 : x = 0.010289 : 0.052222 x = 5.0755 The value x = 5.0755 can be approximate to x = 5; therefore, the empirical formula is CuSO4Â · 5H2O. As stated by theory, when heating the crystals, the water will evaporate depending on the temperature. Repeating heating and stirring the crystals can ensure the hydrated CuSO4 is dehydrated completely. The positive result of x = 5 indicates that the heater can reach 250? at least in the experiment, which provides the power to drive off all water molecules from the crystal. Copper (II) oxide (CuO) and sulfur trioxide (SO3) will be produced when heating the crystal at around 600? (Fishing, 2009). It can be deduced that when over heating, the black CuO (s) and the pungent smell SO3 (g) would be observed. The colour changing grey-white to blue when adding water into anhydrous copper sulphate can explain why the crucible needs to cool down inside the desiccator. It is to avoid the anhydrous copper sulphate absorbing H2O from the air and reforming hydrated CuSO4. This is also why anhydrous CuSO4 can be widely used for testing the presence of water in other chemical experiments. The green colour in part 2 could be explained in terms of a mixture of colours from [Cu(H2O)6]2+ (blue) and [CuCl4]2- (yellow-green). It can be deduced that if adding enough water into the green solution, the green solution would turn back to blue, because a high concentration of H2O would lead to the reversible reaction tending to produce more [Cu(H2O)6]2+. The results about copper (II) ions reacting with NH3 (aq) mean that the blue precipitate (Cu(OH)2) can dissolve when adding excessive of ammonia. All reactions tend to high stability, low energy. As mentioned by theory, the logKc value of [Cu(NH3)4 (H2O)2]2+ (aq) (13.2) is larger than [CuCl4]2-(aq) (5.6), which means that the complex [Cu(NH3)4 (H2O)2]2+ is more stable than [CuCl4]2-, and NH3 is a better ligant than Cl-. Therefore, the reaction NH3 replacing Cl- from [CuCl4]2-(aq) can be deduced. Compared with the empirical formula CuSO4Â · 5H2O, the calculated answer is slightly high, although it can be estimated to x = 5. There are three main reasons can explain the result. The crucible may not be completely dry, and extra water evaporated will give a higher value. In addition, when over heating, the mass of gases would be regarded as the loss mass of water. Finally, some crystals would splash out when stirring, which can lead to the calculated value higher. In order to produce more accurate result, several areas could be improved. Controlling the flame intensity of burner, putting an asbestos net under the crucible or granulating the crystal can reduce the possibility of decomposition and ensure the crystal is dehydrated completely. Conclusion In conclusion, the empirical formula of hydrated copper sulphate can be determined as CuSO4Â · 5H2O by experiment. Water molecules can make the copper complex ion blue. Ammonia (NH3) causes deep blue colour, and chloride ions (Cl-) make the copper complex solution yellow-green. Therefore, the nature of ligands can affect the energies of the d orbitals and produce complexes with different colours. References Chemguide (2003) [online] Copper Available at: http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/transition/copper.html [Access at: December 20, 2009] Fishing (2009) [online] Copper Sulfate, Equation for Decomposition Available at: http://www.finishing.com/116/07.shtml [Access at: December 22, 2009] Kecheng (nd) [online] Indentify the Formula of Hydrated Copper Sulphate Available at: http://kecheng.edu.people.com.cn/index/newscontent/snsy/czhx/syzl6_2_4_2.htm [Access at: December 28, 2009] Lane, R (2009.a) Chemistry Practical Handout Lane, R (2009.b) IFY Course Notes Lister, T. and Renshaw, J. (2000). Chemistry for Advanced Level (third edition). Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd.

Dr. Jonas Salk :: Biographies Medicine Papers

Dr. Jonas Salk An American hero once said, "Many wise individuals have had no formal education.... They possess a powerful intuitive faculty and are able to learn from experience, from what they observe" (Pamplin, Jr. and Eisler 127). Although not entirely indicative of his own past, this American hero was Dr. Jonas Salk and he believed that education was not always the key to success. The great innovator believed that the answers to life are often found in an individual's experiences rather than buried among the pages of a textbook. Indeed, the ideas that formed the foundation of Salk's greatest accomplishment–the first effective polio vaccine–were not found in any fancy college textbook, but came to light because he did not believe that some established scientific theories were the only way that problems could be solved. More specifically, as a young medical student in 1936 sitting in a lecture for a course entitled Bacteriology and Immunology, Salk recalls an experience that altere d the course of his life (Sherrow 31): I remember very vividly all the details about where I was sitting and what was happening, almost as if the light was turned on and everything became clear....We were told that one could immunize against diphtheria and tetanus. In the next lecture, we were told it was not possible to immunize with a chemically treated or noninfectious (killed) virus vaccine, so that struck me as rather odd. How could both statements be true? And I remember the answer we were given was that the cells of the inoculated individual that were involved in a virus infection had to go through the experience of the infection itself. Why should that be, when the cells going through that experience were thus destroyed? How could that immunize cells that did not experience infection? Something's wrong here, I thought. For me, what came together was the question: Is it true you need a live virus for a safe, effective vaccine? And if it's not true, then what can be done with viruses, as can be done with a toxin, to render them harmless while retaining their effectiveness for immunization? This encounter stayed with Salk throughout his life and helped to determine the path along which he would conduct his life's work. As stated in the opening quote, this intuitive ability that he possessed did not come from spending hours learning from his textbooks, but simply came from the ordinary experience of attending a lecture for class.

Request for New Equipment Essay

As of present, the computer equipment in our department unfortunately falls short of our business needs, causing frequent problems and lapses in quality. Thus, due to using a limited version of MS Word, lack of CD burning capabilities, hard drives with only 3 gigabytes of memory, and a 7-year-old black-and-white printer, we are unable to produce sales materials of the quality competing with that of our rivals. This fact has been confirmed by our customers who poorly review our brochures, user manuals, reports and other materials missing adequate appearance to a great degree because of limited technological possibilities. Now that we plan a major marketing offensive including the introduction of a website for product advertising, we feel that the time is ripe to update our inadequate computer equipment through the purchase of new hardware and software. This will also allow us to make a breakthrough in raising productivity, eliminating frequent paper jams, glitches in connection to other departments and need to special-order replacement ink cartridges. Considering the fact that Marketing & Sales and Word Processing departments regularly use our printer and fax machine, we feel that it will be fair if each of them undertakes at least 20% of the costs for lease or purchase of new equipment. If the heads of Marketing & Sales and Word Processing departments prove unwilling to share the financial burden, we believe that it is time for these units to purchase their own equipment. We ask you to allocate funds to the needs of our department out of the general equipment budget as upgrading our technological capabilities will contribute to the general rise in the company’s productivity. In the appendix you will find specifications of the equipment that we ask you to purchase or lease.

Importance Of Chemistry Essay

Our entire universe is made up of matter which is constantly changing forms and evolving into other forms of energy. We use chemistry from the beginning of the day till its end, the toothpaste we use to brush our teeth is made of abrasives, fluoride, and detergents. These common household items contain batteries, which make them very chemically dependent. The purification our water by process of chlorination, dental cleanliness from toothpaste, sterilization, the control and the cure of disease are all a part of daily living discovered and created by chemistry. These discoveries make up a major component for the protection of our health and hygiene and are vital for the future existence of mankind. Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed, of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change. The use of these processes to form new substances, understanding the importance of chemistry is essential to know the importance of chemistry in everyday life. Everything on earth is made up of chemicals you, your food, and the products you use in life such as soaps, perfumes etc. all are made up of chemicals. Life without chemicals is impossible. A number of changes that you observe are the result of chemical reactions like the rain, the change in the color of leaves, cleaning of any particular material in your house, all involve chemicals. You need to understand certain chemical reactions. When does your packet food expire? What disinfectants and repellents you should use to keep your house hygienic and healthy and so on. A guest (Jonathan Liu) stated â€Å"I never knew that chemistry is applied to so many things in everyday life! I knew that there would be a lot of math involved and just thought that we would be studying science more in depth. Now that I’ve read this, I am more interested in studying chemistry at school†. Chemistry is important because it helps in exploring things which are unknown to mankind. Chemistry is important because it explains the future behavior of plants and animals and all of us use chemicals directly or indirectly in our daily lives. We are us ing chemistry when we cook, when we wash, when we eat, when we get ready, when we play, when we think, as a  matter of fact, we always use chemistry. Increasing the knowledge in chemistry is important if we want to improve our lifestyle on the daily. Chemistry is also important for the environment. When you are aware of the harming effects of the gases like carbon dioxide and methane as a result of the greenhouse effect, you can easily carve out solutions for the reduction of effects on the environment. If you go with a minimum knowledge of the importance use of chemistry you can help in saving the environment to a large extent. Though chemistry is thought as complicated and a boring science subject, chemistry is responsible in explaining the world you live in, apart from explaining cooking, cleaning, medicine and environment issues; chemistry is in essence the study of everything. Understanding the basic chemistry is essential for all, but specializing in chemistry, making a career out of the subject is also interesting. Plenty of chemistry related high paying jobs are available today. All the medical students, physicists, geologists, nutritionists study chemistry. That the importance of chemistry will increase day by day and it is essential to understand the basic chemistry to properly conduct the activities of the daily life.

Fitzgerald and Gatsby Essay

Francis Scott key Fitzgerald was a popular american storyteller. Born September 24th, 1896 and died in December 21st, 1940, Fitzgerald lived the prime of his life in the â€Å"Roaring-Twenties†. The values and morals were declining in favor of materialistic and careless attitudes following the world war. Social prestige no longer came to how hardworking and knowledgeable you were but how much property and goods you had. People began to think that instead of earning a place in society you could purchase it. This corrupted the characters in the novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby† and twisted the American dream. In the novel by Fitzgerald â€Å"The Great Gatsby† he connects many of the characters to real people that he has delt with in his life. Fitzgerald’s character Gatsby is a mirror of himself. In many ways Fitzgerald betters himself through Gatsby and his characteristics but still follows a close backbone to Fitzgerald himself and events in his life. James Gats was born into a poor, disadvantaged farm family and came from nothing. Fitzgerald was born into a deprived family and had to create himself on his own. Neither came from â€Å"old money† or was born into the elite class but rather had to work for all of their money. Fitzgerald loved to party and drink but with that came many things he did wrong when he was drunk. Gatsby threw many parties but never drank so he wouldn’t miss a beat. It says how Gatsby learned from Dan Cody, that when he was drunk women took advantage of him and he made ignorant mistakes. Fitzgerald was taken advantage by his wife and spent money very foolishly when he was drunk. Gatsby was created without Fitzgerald’s alcoholism. Fitzgerald was also enrolled in the army and became a military officer but never went to war. Gatsby returned home as a war hero with medals of honor. Gatsby never had money problems it seemed as he never really worked but the money just kept coming in. Fitzgerald was always fighting to keep making money and worked for hours on end to make ends meet so he could support his lavish, careless, and drunken lifestyle. Fitzgerald was a major party addict. He loved the fast life. He was an excessive partier but his home life suffered and was extremely unhappy. Gatsby Through many big parties almost every weekend but he was lacking the only thing money couldn’t buy him, love. Both Fitzgerald and Gatsby fell in ove at a young age with a woman out of their league. Fitzgerald with Ginevra and Gatsby with Daisy. Both Daisy and Ginevra came from a background of â€Å"old money. † They lived luxurious lifestyles. These women were beautiful,rich and characterized everything these men believed were perfect. They were blinded by materialistic things rather than inner beauty. At the time these men were still unsuccessful and couldn’t support these high maintenance women. Their love lives are very similar. Both Daisy and Ginevra did love them but could not marry them because â€Å"Rich girls do not marry poor boys†. The women moved on but the men still loved them and were even more determined to become successful and win their lovers back. In the end both men were successful and earned a lot of money to move into the â€Å"elite class†. They so called conquered the â€Å"American Dream† But they were still unhappy. They didn’t have the loving family unit or white picket fence house instead they had excessive amours of money, designer clothing, expensive cars, big unfriendly mansions and a cold separated family. But both Daisy and Ginevra got married already to rich men who could support their lifestyles. They were both unhappy with their marriage. Fitzgerald meets up with Ginevra again and has a second and last chance to impress her and win over her love now that he was successful. They meet at a bar and he drinks and is out of control. He is rude and is not the way Ginevra remember the Fitzgerald she fell in love with and loses his chance. Gatsby gets a second chance with Daisy too. When he firsts meets her she seems different to him, Older and less bubbly but he still loves her. But he goes out to lunch with her and her husband and takes things too far trying to win her back and loses his final chance. Through time things have changed about each character but in their minds they were static. They were both imagining different visuals and personalities from their youths. Everyone in life gets older and matures. It did not work out in the end for both men. The American dream was twisted and all of the riches they earned were wasted because money cannot buy true love. It just was not ment to be. Even though money is up there with oxygen it isn’t everything. These men where searching for love and happiness and money was not going to buy it. The novel parallels to Fitzgerald’s life immensely. Its captures and llustrates many of the issues Fitzgerald suffered. He had constant implications with women in his life therefore he portrays them as shallow, ignorant, and disloyal in the novel. Fitzgerald used many of his emotions to influence his novel and that is why it mirrors his life so closely, as well as many of the other pieces of writing he has created. He is a gifted writer and lived a rollacoster lifestyle up until he died of a heart attack. If only he realized sooner how to prioritize his life he could lived much happier. It is unfortunate what he had to go through. But there is no reward for living life as a drunken partier.

Course work Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Course work - Coursework Example This report will delve into the contractual process and suggest the most suitable form of contract that will have both parties satisfied. The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) sought to manoeuvre this issue and develop a contract that is satisfactory to everyone (Broome, 1999, p3). The New Engineering Contract (NEC), also known as the NEC Engineering and Construction Contract, was their solution to this problem. This contract is an official system that seeks to guide individuals in the drafting of projects; both engineering and construction, to obtain tenders and the awarding of contracts (Forward, 2002, p7). This contract details the duties and responsibilities of the clients (employers) and the contractors (employees) during the progress of the project. A Works Information is also included in the NEC; this also includes the first Contract Data, client’s information, and the second Contract Data, contractors’ information (Institution of Civil Engineers 1995, p.6). NEC is an international standard that is adopted by several countries, notably the United Kingdom. Despite being internationally recognized, there are several reasons for choosing this contract. First and foremost, NEC emphasizes on developing mutual trust and co-operation for all parties involved in the contract. The risk involved in the project is collaborated and managed by all parties leading to efficient contract management practices (Broome, 1999, p19). It fosters good management of the work detailed in the contract. It does this by ensuring both parties are in good terms with one another. Secondly, NEC as a contract is applicable in all fields that involve contracts. It is applicable in construction, engineering, maintenance and consultancy contracts (Weddell & Weddell, 2006, p4). Furthermore, this contract has several payment options that cater for the clients and

Take Home Final Exam Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Take Home Final Exam - Case Study Example Conversely, â€Å"Public Law 94-192† mandated providing opportunities to the students having disabilities in participating in varied programs of school athletic. Finally, â€Å"Amateur Sports Act of 1978† emphasized introducing facilities along with programs for meeting the needs of the athletes having disabilities. In relation to the above context, while renovating a facility such as Morey Courts, certain specific concerned areas need to be considered by a planning committee. One of such areas would be creating a barrier less place. This will support in making better movement of the people within the area in a safer manner and also prevent from chances of falls as well as physical injuries. The other concerned area will be constructing toilets as well as other amenities in adherence with the respective special needs of the individuals who would visit the facility after being renovated. Apart from these, a planning committee should also consider introducing quality programs as well as facilities that would meet the needs of the disabled athletes and support them with addressing their practicing needs. Moreover, using flanks along with other facilities so that the movements within the facility centre do not get restricted will be the other specific concerned area for a planning committee to cons ider for renovation of a facility. Finally, a planning committee may prepare certain priority lists that would help in renovating the facility as per the desired standards, resulting into attracting the individuals to visit the facility periodically. Soft costs in the context of planning a new facility refer to such costs that are not directly engaged with the same. These generally involve the expenses that are incurred with the payments made in terms of fees and financing other needs. On a further note, soft costs comprise a huge portion of construction costs that are traditionally regarded as non-seen items. Moreover, these sports of costs are duly considered as the initial

Housing Estate in Cold-Water Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Housing Estate in Cold-Water - Case Study Example This report pertains to the development of Cold waters housing initiative as apparent from the computer-graphed image above which will mean that the current map of the Cold-Water will have a large number of landscape changes made to it with a possible usage of land swaps and remodeling.At the outset it is possible to see from the graphically configured diagram of the Waterside View above it can be seen that it is not only a housing area but the inclusion of the aquatic leisure centre is all set to increase the commercial value of the estate. The plan is to focus upon terraced houses and low rise flats for an increase in the landscape beauty. The housing estate will be complete with a new leisure centre ,a public covered swimming pool, a training pool, and generous opportunities for gymnastic and sports activities. It is also planned that there will be two nearby single storey retail warehouses with expansive surface car parking for them and n restaurants/cafes with outside seating areas for the summer. All vehicle servicing will be underground. As mentioned before the housing plan includes a lot of low rise flats which will be around this commercial property and a liberal amount of landscaping will be provided from the dock area above. This area was formerly a low wage income area before the government too initiatives to bring out the commercial potential of this place. The residential housing is for both commercial and council purposes. There is a total of 55,600 sq m of residential housing available 60% of which is based on the PFI initiative and will be sold or leased back to the Local Government.The problem here is that due to the lack of labour etc there are likely to be delays in building which may cause fines being imposed upon the constructing firms.These delays may also be aggravated by the scientific protests going on. The idea for the commercial accommodation is feasible enough as the plan includes reasonably priced properties along with balconies and roof gardens and secure car-parking underground. The demographics, densities and styles around the locality and styles of local housing developments There are many neighbourhoods surrounding Cold water like as Steel Town, Chemical Town, Coal Town where is there is a rampant issue of economic decline and a change in function. New

Business Communication Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business Communication - Personal Statement Example During my working hours I always try to avoid a flashy set-up with little gist or track record. Moreover, I have a good service record all along. I completed every task within deadline. For extra work to improve my knowledge, I aimed to visit different offices of my company. I always search best strategies for raising productivity of my organization. So in this search I discovered that how to manage my good position in organization. I have gone through company's manuals and in my opinion by getting raise position in my job can be helpful to fulfil my future planning. Every person has certain problems and issues in life. It is not significant of how gigantic magnitude these problems are; but the thing counts and matters is the capability to overcome these and resolve in a positive and satisfactory way. I always focused on my daily life and its other mundane aspects. This bid will enable me to explore more aspects of my being and the issues attached with it, known and hitherto unknown. The reason I am looking raise at my job is for the sole reason that I am dedicated to my work and tasks. Moreover, there is a lack of employees whom are dedicated to their work. As a practitioner such issues might well come up in my job. If I am awarded a raise at my job then I can be prepared to help other employees in my chosen area of practice.

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Human resource management - Essay Example In short, employee’s effort (F) towards an action is the valence (V), i.e., value attached to the outcome multiplied by the probability/expectancy (E) attached to their action that will lead to the desired outcome (Koontz, 2010). Considering this theory in McDonald’s context provides some very interesting findings. For instance, McDonald’s motivation and recognition schemes include bonuses for high performers, recognition as employer, team and manager of the term, champion awards, promotions etc (Lovewell, 2013). Considering that the motivation factors are varied among employees, most of the factors fall into either monetary, or non-monetary categories; and, McDonald’s attempts to provide opportunities for earning both types of rewards, thereby considering both extrinsic and intrinsic motivating factors. Employees that depend on intrinsic motivation look for recognition of their efforts and will thus strive to achieve the same by putting in more efforts; c onversely, extrinsically motivated staff is satisfied by the bonuses and other compensations such as company-sponsored dinner outings. Job evaluation is the process of systematic and relative comparison of roles to assess their net worth in order to derive a rational pay structure. Job analysis is the precursor for job evaluation and involves the decisions of many people that may be analytical and also subjective (Cole, 2002). For instance, Tesco has adopted a simple, clear and transparent job evaluation system that is based on subjective evaluation and divides its roles into six bands of work-levels. Work and responsibilities are also divided proportionately, with the lowest level being level-1 and highest at level-6. (Level pegging, 2009). Their pay bands are relative to the market standards for the same levels in other companies. This banding has resulted in flat organizational structure, thus reducing bureaucratic levels that were slowing down decision-making and implementing activities as well as increasing costs for the company. Other factors include providing competitive pay packages for their employees compa red to competitors in order to motivate and retain their experienced staff; providing greater flexibility to its managers to identify critical leadership talent and to promote internal candidates for higher roles; thirdly, to improve teamwork and thus productivity; facilitating job rotation and lateral movements of staff members etc. Rewards are meant to motivate employees at all levels, and companies design complex reward systems that include a variety of rewards. For example, monetary rewards such as bonuses, incentives, compensation benefits, and non-monetary rewards such as recognition, promotions, appreciation, additional responsibilities, special training and skill development programs are a few reward systems that contemporary organizations use. As Lovewell (2013) points out, McDonald’s uses service awards to recognize employees’ commitment and loyalty; it rewards high performance with rewards such as restaurant of the quarter, month, and year. To recognize thei r support staffs’ outstanding contribution, they give the President’s award. To appreciate individual performance, they have

The Christian Virtues in Medical Practice Essay Example for Free

The Christian Virtues in Medical Practice Essay The Christian Virtues in Medical Practice is a soul touching and brain boosting book prepared by Edmund D. Pellegrino and David C. Thomasma in 1996. It speaks of how being a Christian makes a difference in being a physician. The philosophies of the authors made a colorful explanation in the book on how virtue ethics counts a lot. Faith, hope and charity were given emphasis since it is the three Christian virtues that medical practitioners should acquire in their profession. Many things in the book relate medicine and ethics which made it interesting especially if you are a believer of the Christian faith. The book is designed with faith so that physicians will dwell not only on medical but with spiritual healing as well. It has weakness in a sense that doctors who do not profess a Christian faith will surely goes against this book. In addition to this, there are some medical explanations that cannot be simply linked to one’s belief in faith and virtues. Nevertheless majority of the book talks about ethical principles pertaining to morality, spirituality and virtue focused medical practices in health care. â€Å"Faith points the way, hope sustains us on that way and charity is the ordering principle which deliberation, raising morality to the level of love (Pellegrino and Thomasma, 1996). The aforementioned virtues will give more meaning to medicine because it is an additional healing factor to the contemporary ethics of medicine. The authors also talks about how Christian physicians may not acquire these virtues but it is a must for them to have it included in their profession. There were also viewpoints in the book telling how faith, hope and charity in medical practices should be taught even to physicians who are non-believers of Christian faith. Cases of euthanasia, abortion and incompetent surgery were cited as an example to defend the importance of attributing morality and virtue ethics in patient treatment. Violent means violates the virtue of charity which for the book is really against the Christian way of medical practice. There are hypocrisies that can be found in the book since clashing of principle based and virtue based ethics were present. It serves as a guide on how physicians should act according to the Christian teaching and at the same time never sacrifices their profession as medical practitioners. For the book itself, moral judgment is an art. Moral life is designed to make the right decisions during medical circumstances. The physician in charge should incorporate discernment and right motivation in everything he or she does. The book is not for the most part concerned with the substance of ethical decisions but with the manner of arriving at them. It is focused merely on virtue ethics and has a Christian moral philosophy that looks upon St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine. This ethical virtue can never be neglected and there have been considerable discussions of both moral theology and philosophy. Fundamentals of the book lie in the Christian understanding of the physician’s dignity. It is overwhelming to notice how the authors cite the words of Pope John Paul II as examples to fully explain their points of view. Physicians who are great followers of Christianity and incorporate medication with a heart will surely enjoy the book and share it to their non-Christian colleagues. But for those who values professionalism than faith, this book is not the right one to read. References: Pellegrino, E. D. and Thomasma, D. C. (1996). The Christian Virtues in Medical Practice. USA: Georgetown University Press.

Effect of the Internet on Banking Today

Effect of the Internet on Banking Today To evaluate the importance of Internet to enhance the todays banking in order to create and deliver value for the customers. Provisional Working Title: The Internet usage has increased in the current generation due to the change in the astounding rates with the advancements in the technology. The studies carrying out ion the impact of the technological advancements have revealed that the technology has been impringed in all aspects of the common peoples life. The electronically handling capability for all the complicated works are increased in this situation. The Internet is treated as the global trend which can reduce the time and distance to perform the important transactions. The change emerged to the internet banking from the conventional banking is termed to be leap transformation. The banking sector in the current days is able to provide with the novel services to the consumers through effective exploitation of the internet. This has given the advantages in two folds that are for bank as well as for the customers. The banks have emerged in to hi tech service providers and to develop the services to eliminate the banking concerns with better focus on the needs and requirements of clients. The current banking sector is implementing novel technologies and expertises to make the complication and concerns of original banking plan to much easier and easily accessible by the consumers. The commencement of the electronic banking initiated with the ATMs. And at present the trend has emerged to carry out the transactions through mobile phone, through internet, direct bill payment, electronic fund transfer and the I banking. The augmentation in the E commerce and the utilization of the internet banking has been supporting the transactions in the banking with better se curity options with confidentiality in transaction has led to the importance of Internet banking in the current day. Thus the current project is aimed carry out a thorough study on the concept of Internet and the applicability of the same in the highly service oriented sector like banking. Thus the project is able to reveal the benefits that will improve the customer loyalty which is very much necessary in the banking sector further the project will explain the extent of applicability of internet in banking sector. Thus the importance of internet in the current banking sector is analyzed through this. For this study both qualitative approach and the qualitative approach (or primary research) and the secondary research such as Literature review in order to accomplish the study. Aims and the Objectives: In order to accomplish the theme of the project, the researcher has framed several aims and objectives. Aim: The main aim of the project is to determine the importance of the internet in the todays banking sector. In order to accomplish this aim the following objectives are framed that should be met: To analyze the concept of the conventional banking sector To evaluate the major issues and concerns of conventional banking sector through literature review. The conduct the primary study to evaluate the importance of internet in todays banking To carry out analysis to assess the benefits of internet for banking. To recommend viable suggestions to improve the customer loyalty through the internet in banking sector. Preliminary literature review: The literature review describes the theories and the models from various sources such as books, articles, white papers, web references, journals etc that will be able to reply the research queries. The internet has now become the universal exploitation in day to day life. Banking being a highly service oriented sector has to grow further as the competence is augmenting and only quality work will increase the growth. Conventional banking sector: [Mabid Ali Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal] For every developing financial system, banking system is considered as one of the important characteristics. An efficient banking system helps to improve the society. The conventional banking system provides different functions. The transfer of assets from those who have surplus to those that require extra assets to run their various business activities is facilitated by banking. The conventional banking is based on the principle of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the more you have, the more you getà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The conventional banking is based upon the security, and makes all efforts to recover the money. [Naveed Azeem Khattak] Unless a specific exception is made on a default loan, the charge interest does not stop in conventional banking. Depending on the length of loan period, the interest is charged. The risks are eliminated in the conventional banking during the transactions. In conventional banking sector legal responsibility is not taken by the banks du ring the transaction with the customer. In the conventional banking, interest on the capital amount is charged based on the time value. Even if the organization suffers losses, the interest is charged by the banking system and there is no concept of sharing the losses. No agreement is made while distributing working capital finance, cash finance and the running finance for the exchange of goods and services. The conventional banking is a time consuming process. To process a simple transaction like clearing a cheque it takes several hours. This problem is avoided by the internet banking. The transactions done through the internet banking consumes very less time and makes the banking convenient and faster. Major Issues and Concerns of Conventional Banking: [Dr. Kashif-Ur-Rehman] the major issue in the conventional banking is the online transactions are not possible. The conventional banking is a time consuming process. To process a simple transaction like clearing a cheque it takes several hours. Here the administrator has a lot of work and the efforts required are more. The conventional banking consumes a lot of time since the banking activities should be performed at the particular bank branches. The conventional banking makes the financial transactions slower. The customers do not get satisfied by the conventional banking systems since the transactions are done at a slower rate. The customers can perform the bank activities, payments of bills and many other services of bank only during the bank timings. Unless a specific exception is made on a non-payment loan, the charge on interest does not stop in conventional banking. In conventional banking sector legal responsibility is not taken by the banks during the transaction with the cu stomer. The e banking service which makes the transactions faster and simpler cannot be provided by the conventional banking system. The major issues in the conventional banking approaches are the more waiting time for the exploitation of services, complicated process, issues in bouncing of the checks and other credit transactions, unavailability of full data of clients bother personal and transaction details, no process to check the account details in between, more costs of transaction in the view of consumer. The issues are also faced by the banks due to lack of technology such as complicated process execution, more costs of process, no insight about the consumers, and lesser availability of skilled employees, more chance for frauds, lower growth rate, lower retention and loyalty of consumers. The major drawback of the conventional or usual banking is that there is no chance for the development and implementation of the innovative products and services to attract customers. Importance of internet in banking: [Olga Tartu 2003] The banking offered to the users which includes the services such as enquiry about the balance in their financial statement, about account dealings, account statement, payments of bills and many other services of bank is termed as Internet in Banking. Internet in the banking enables the consumers to manage their savings and save their time. The internet banking requires the active bank account with the balance in it for the transactions, credit card or debit card number, bank account number, internet banking PIN number and a pc with internet connection. The e-banking i.e. electronic banking is provided by the internet banking which allows the customers to carry out the banking activities online. Accessing of any information regarding account and transactions can be done by the internet banking at any time of the day. The customers of the bank can appeal permission and can execute banking activities through computer, television or cell phone. The financial transacti on can be done through the e-banking; the e-banking can be defined as the electronic connection between the user and the manager of the bank. The internet in banking provides many services like online dealings and it allows them to control their financial accounts at any time. The internet in banking permits the clients to perform all the activities using a secured website that is managed by the banks. Benefits of internet for banking: Few benefits of the internet for providing the banking services lie in its cost effectiveness, transactional service as well as information of consumers can be exploited by employing internet, 360 degree insight, lesser waiting time, reduced time for transactions and usage of services, reduced distance, reliability and better user interface etc. [Suganthi, B., Balachandran, G. (2001)] The various benefits provided by the internet banking are as follows: The people can access their personal business account information online. By the internet banking the services offered by the different banks can be compared. It allows online applying and buying the financial products. The main advantage provided by the internet banking is that it is cost effective. By the use of internet banking, the administrator work gets significantly reduced. The internet banking makes the financial transactions faster, and provides flexibility in performing financial transactions. The time require for processing the transactions of bank is reduced by the internet banking. Accessing of any information regarding account and transactions can be done by the internet banking at any time of the day. No need to visit the bank for applying loan, it can be done online through the internet banking. The services provided by the internet banking have made banking much easier and faster for the customers as well as bankers. The internet banking permits the clients to perform all the activities using a secured website that is managed by the banks. 24 hours service is available through the internet banking. Recommendations to improve the customer loyalty through the internet in banking sector: [Kotler and keller, 2006] The internet banking has provided many advantages to the customers. Understanding the customer needs is an important factor to be considered. The customers are able to access more information and wide range of services through the internet banking. Since the internet banking reduces the time required to access the accounts, the customers are satisfied and resulted in the increased loyalty. The success of any business depends on the customer satisfaction. The service quality is the important factor in achieving the satisfaction of customer. The major issue in the internet banking is the security. The privacy of the customer, the danger of getting hacked by the hackers and the issues relating to the banking activities are the main issues that occur in the internet banking. These issues in the internet banking can be reduced by the proper planning. The banks should make their customers to believe that the services provided by that bank are secured. The website through which the online transactions are performed should be managed and controlled properly. Since the internet does not provide the secured means of communication, the proper measures are to be taken while designing the website. When the user gives the personal information like the credit card number or the account number, privacy issue arises. The internet does not provide privacy for the users information that is being shared through the emails. The various services that are offered by the internet like social networking sites, email facilities, online shopping and also browsing of other websites should be done in such a way that hacking of users private data is not possible. The website should be planned carefully so that the customers satisfy and improves the loyalty. The services provided by the internet banking like online dealings should be managed effectively by the bank administrator. Why is this work important? (What contribution to knowledge / originality is involved?) The conventional banking sector holds several concerns and issues regarding speed of service delivery and much waiting time for the consumers due to the inability to have soft copy about the details of consumers and proper coordination. The distance of the bank and complicated process is another major concern that has been reduced and eliminated completely by providing faster services and elimination of the major concerns of conventional banking services through the Internet deployment. This has reduced the distance and waiting time of the consumers ultimately aiming to improve the level of satisfaction. Thus the loyalty of the customers will be increased by retention and thus the growth of banking will augment. Thus, the current research will be beneficial for the banks trying to upgrade the technology of internet for providing the banking services with latest expertises such as E banking, Mobile Banking etc to improve the retention of the customers and allow growth of the banks. Methodology Sources of data: Research Methodology is used to realize the concept of the project. By the research method one can know the products of analysis and also the total process of the project. Various research methods are explained by the researcher in the research methodology to find the aims and objectives of the research. For completing the project effectively a variety of research methods are discussed. For collecting the data that helps in completing the project successfully Primary research and secondary research methods are used. The data is analyzed and then results are made after analyzing the collected data. Some of the research methods are commonly used for any research process. The various research processes are Experiment methods Survey methods Observation methods Case studies method Literature review The research methods used for the successful completion of this project are Qualitative research and quantitative research or Primary research and the Secondary research or literature review has been employed as the major methods to collect the data required to accomplish the project. Primary Research: The primary research is the method of collection of the information for some particular purpose. Te data can be collected through his method is very eminent to accomplish the project theme. The data through this method can be obtained by 2 different methods such as interviews conducted on a personal basis and the individual observations. The primary research in the current project both qualitative research and the quantitative research has been exercised in the form of personal interviews and the questionnaire survey. This approach also ascertains various benefits such as congregation of in depth solutions for the queries, applicable for relatively small sample size, accurate analysis of the study, lesser fraction of the refusals compared to other practices. This approach has fewer demerits such as it is costly process, can be biased with the interviewer, time taking and slow process, privacy issues etc may indulge in the process. In the current research project, a direct interview has been commenced by involving the managers and other experts of major banks like ICICI, Citi bank etc. The questionnaire survey has been instigated by employees, consumers to understand the importance of internet in the todays banking sector. Qualitative Research Method: [Marshall PA. 2003]Qualitative research method is a type of logical research. The approach of gathering inà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"depth information during questioning the participants is done in the Qualitative Research. Qualitative research methods are more flexible when compared to quantitative research methods. The indefinable factors can be recognized by the qualitative research methods. Participant research, in-depth interviews and focus groups are the three types of qualitative research methods. The participant observation is used for collecting the data based on the behaviors. To obtain the group data, focus groups are used. For collecting individual data in depth interviews are used. Qualitative research contains very smaller sample size. In the qualitative research mainly the interviews and group discussions are carried out. In this type of research the customer response forms, information or media clips are provided. The current study has employed the direct interview sessions wi th the managers and experts of banking sector like ICICI, Citi groups to congregate the change of banking from conventional banking to high speed baking and its applicability in current situations. Merits of Qualitative research: It helps in building new theories It uses subjective information Explore new areas of research The questions which are complex to evaluate in the quantitative methods can be examined by the qualitative research method. Demerits of qualitative research: It is expensive Time consuming process The information gathered is limited to questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative Research Method: [Rosnow, R.L. and Rosenthal, R. (2005)]By the quantitative research identifying the relationship among the different variables things, time and performance etc is accomplished. From positivism the data is extracted. For answering a specific research question the quantitative research methods involve a group of statistical data. To establish the occurrence and quantity of their reactions a systematically calculated sample of participants is asked a set of questions on a survey. In the Quantitative research method evaluation of the suitable events is done by the examiner. This procedure of the quantitative method is primarily determined on the number of the features and associated relationships of the several variables. Sampling methods are utilized for the quantitative research which makes the consumer surveys. In this study, questionnaire survey has been commenced by involving the employees and the consumers who are major banking service users to provide with the valuable solutions i n descriptive questions. Merits of quantitative research: Provides high reliability Effective utilization of sampling techniques Demerits of quantitative research method: The exact information is not provided Inability to control the situation where respondents provide the response to the questions in the survey Secondary Research: The secondary research is the process of collection of the data from varied sources that is, it is the process of gathering the data from previously published form of data. The various sources that will involve in the collection of the data are books, journals, magazines, web sites, periodicals, trade stats, white papers etc. the secondary research can be again divided as external research and the internal research. In the current project literature review has been employed as the major secondary research that will work out to know the opinions and views of various authors and experts along with the initial ground work applicable with the identical theme of the project from root. This type technique has several merits such as in depth study from base, availability of large pool of resources etc. the demerits of this approach is that the information collected may be in general form, in accuracy of the collected data, older and outdated data will be available sometimes, novel concept will have lower material. Anticipated outcomes: The following are the anticipations of the current study: A literature study that will reveal the importance of the internet in the todays banking sector in the view of various author that has been collected from a variety of sources such as journals, white papers, books, web sites, magazines, texts and the documents etc. To draw the probable conclusions from the study based on the above approach. To accomplish the quantitative research and the qualitative research as primary research that will help to draw the views on the theme of the project from experts, management gurus and other participants. To analyze the results in comparison with secondary research. To suggest viable recommendations for better process of banking. Ethical issues of this work: The ethics are very prominent aspect that has to be considered wile accomplishing the project and especially during the qualitative and quantitative study. In general the ethics shall be validating to all the parts of the project right from planning to completion of the project. The study shall thus be carried without the ethical issues such as unnecessary interruption of the property and ecology or surroundings or the harmful actions towards to partake in the project. The individuals and participants in order to partake shall admit the conveyance to participate by acknowledging the letter of consent as agreement. Thus the ethical issues can be avoided along with the confidentiality concerns and privacy aspects. The research f the current project shall thus be carried out by keeping the ethical issues in view and has to deliver the results without any major concerns and shall be able to forecast the probable issues in prior.